{"id":3111,"date":"2011-01-14T17:28:04","date_gmt":"2011-01-14T15:28:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/azgad\/wordpress\/?p=3111"},"modified":"2011-01-14T17:37:43","modified_gmt":"2011-01-14T15:37:43","slug":"particles-that-are-their-own-worst-enemies-a-proposed-device-could-lead-to-the-first-observation-of-particles-that-are-their-own-antiparticles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/?p=3111","title":{"rendered":"Particles that are their own enemies – A proposed device could lead to observation of particles that are their own antiparticles"},"content":{"rendered":"

.
\nThe matter that makes up the universe consists of particles such as
\nelectrons and protons, as well as their counterparts known as
\nantiparticles. Particles and antiparticles that collide, however,
\nannihilate each other in an intense flash of energy. Nevertheless,
\nthe Italian physicist Ettore Majorana proposed that some particles
\ncould exist that are their own antiparticles although physicists are
\nyet to observe such particles.
\n.
\nResearchers from the RIKEN Advanced Science Institute in Wako
\nhave now proposed a scheme where Majorana particles could be
\nnot only observed for the first time but also manipulated1. The
\nobservation would occur in a conventional material rather than
\nspace. \u201cOur main aim is to find a platform where the existence
\nof Majorana fermions can be shown,\u201d explains team member
\nShigeki Onoda. \u201cAnd beyond that, we propose concrete steps
\ntowards the control of several Majorana particles.\u201d
\n.
\nIn some rare materials, energetic excitations that resemble Majorana
\nparticles are predicted to exist in materials. One class of these
\nmaterials is known as topological insulators on the surface of
\nwhich electrons can travel almost unperturbed. In topological
\ninsulators that are also superconducting, Majorana particles are
\npredicted to exist in the presence of magnetic fields. These
\nMajorana particles can be imagined as electronic excitations
\nthat run around the magnetic field lines.
\n.
\n.
\n\"\"
\n.
\n .
\nFigure 1: A schematic diagram of Majorana particles lined up in
\ntwo opposing magnetic fields (red) that interact with a superconducting
\ntopological insulator (blue). At the gap between the magnets, the
\nsuperconductor is weakened and magnetic field lines assemble in
\na periodic chain to which Majorana particles (yellow) attach<\/em>
\n.
\n.<\/a><\/p>\n

The device proposed by Onoda and his colleagues offers deliberate
\ncontrol over Majorana particles within a topological insulator that
\nthey hope will make them accessible to experiments. Their device
\nconsists of a surface of a superconducting topological insulator
\nattached to two magnetic sections (Fig. 1). The magnetic fields
\nof the two magnets point in opposite directions. The researchers
\npredict that, along the interface between the magnets, a periodic
\nchain of magnetic field lines form in the superconducting
\ntopological insulator. Each of these magnetic field lines could
\naccommodate a Majorana particle.<\/p>\n

Once their existence is proved, Majorana particles could also enable
\nextremely stable new forms of computing based on quantum physics,
\nsays Onoda. \u201cAs long as the Majorana particles are well separated,
\nthe information encoded in these states would be robust against
\nlocal perturbations.\u201d<\/p>\n

For the time being, however, such quantum computing schemes
\nmust remain theoretical. Although widely expected to exist,
\nsuperconducting topological insulators, as yet, exist only in
\ntheory. Once such a material has been found, the researchers
\nbelieve that the proposed device structure will be straightforward
\nto implement. The expected periodic arrangement of Majorana
\nparticles would then provide a convenient platform to study
\nthese elusive particles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

. The matter that makes up the universe consists of particles such as electrons and protons, as well as their counterparts known as antiparticles. Particles and antiparticles that collide, however, annihilate each other in an intense flash of energy. Nevertheless, the Italian physicist Ettore Majorana proposed that some particles could exist that are their own … <\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[513,49],"class_list":["post-3111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10","tag-513","tag-49","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3111"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3119,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111\/revisions\/3119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}