{"id":2472,"date":"2010-07-30T08:29:20","date_gmt":"2010-07-30T06:29:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/azgad\/wordpress\/?p=2472"},"modified":"2010-07-30T08:29:20","modified_gmt":"2010-07-30T06:29:20","slug":"nuclear-physics-incorporates-a-strange-flavor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/?p=2472","title":{"rendered":"Nuclear physics incorporates a 'strange' flavor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>.<strong><br \/>\nCalculating the binding energy between hyperon particles contributes<br \/>\n to understanding a new type of neutron star<\/strong><br \/>\n.<\/p>\n<p>In 2009, physicists from Japan\u2019s KEK high-energy proton accelerator announced<br \/>\n the sighting of a rare event: an unusually bulky beryllium nucleus that, in addition<br \/>\n to four protons and five neutrons, contained two particles called \u2018hyperons\u2019.<br \/>\n.<br \/>\nNow, Emiko Hiyama at the RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako,<br \/>\nand her colleagues from several Japanese universities have presented a calculation that<br \/>\n provides the most precise description available of the interactions between nuclei and<br \/>\nhyperons in the double-hyperon beryllium nucleus observed at KEK.<br \/>\nHyperons\u2014particles that contain at least one so-called \u2018strange\u2019 quark\u2014exist for less than a<br \/>\n billionth of a second before they decay. Scientists know relatively little about how hyperons<br \/>\ninteract with matter, but speculate that the hot, dense environment of a neutron star would allow<br \/>\n these particles to exist in an almost stable state. If they are correct, a hyperon neutron star<br \/>\nwould be a new state of matter.<br \/>\n.<br \/>\nAccording to Hiyama, one of the main interests of hypernuclear physics is to understand<br \/>\ninteractions between baryons\u2014particles such as protons and neutrons that consist of three<br \/>\nquarks\u2014and other particles. \u201cOur study will contribute to understanding such interactions<br \/>\nat the core of a neutron star.\u201d <\/p>\n<p>.<br \/>\nQuarks come in six so-called \u2018flavors\u2019: up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top. Only the up<br \/>\nand down quarks, which make up the protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei, are stable. High-energy<br \/>\ncollisions, such as those performed at KEK, are needed to produce the hyperons that contain<br \/>\nthe more massive strange quark.<br \/>\n.<br \/>\nFinding the interactions between the eleven particles that constitute the double-hyperon beryllium<br \/>\n nucleus is prohibitively difficult. To simplify the calculation of this \u2018many-body\u2019 problem, Hiyama<br \/>\nand her colleagues approximated the double-hyperon nucleus as five particles: two helium nuclei,<br \/>\none neutron and the two hyperon particles (Fig. 1). This allowed them to predict the energy that<br \/>\n binds the two hyperons together in the nucleus and compare their theoretical results with experimental<br \/>\ndata. Their calculations indicated that hyperons act to shrink the beryllium nucleus\u2014an unusual effect,<br \/>\n since nuclei are normally considered incompressible.<br \/>\n.<br \/>\nHiyama\u2019s calculations will be an essential tool to understand the attractive forces between hyperons<br \/>\nin a neutron star, and will help researchers to analyze experimental results at Japan\u2019s new proton<br \/>\naccelerator complex, J-PARC, which is expected to produce multiple double-hyperon nuclei.<br \/>\n\u201cAt present, the only way to determine the energy of the hypernucleon is to perform these accurate<br \/>\nmany-body calculations,\u201d says Hiyama.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>. Calculating the binding energy between hyperon particles contributes to understanding a new type of neutron star . In 2009, physicists from Japan\u2019s KEK high-energy proton accelerator announced the sighting of a rare event: an unusually bulky beryllium nucleus that, in addition to four protons and five neutrons, contained two particles called \u2018hyperons\u2019. . Now, &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/azgad.com\/?p=2472\">\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[513,49,50],"class_list":["post-2472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10","tag-513","tag-49","tag-50","nodate","item-wrap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2472"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2473,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2472\/revisions\/2473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azgad.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}